How to help someone who is lonely

You may realise that someone is struggling with loneliness before they are aware of it themselves. They may have become more isolated recently. Perhaps they’ve experienced a life change, such as retirement, bereavement or ill health, which means they’re more at risk of loneliness.

Some signs that someone might be lonely include:

• trouble sleeping
• lots of minor illnesses
• an unhealthy diet, or smoking or drinking more
• changes in behaviour - for example, becoming less social or putting themselves down
• not looking after their appearance or hygiene
• losing interest in things they used to enjoy.

They may not want to admit that they’re lonely, for fear of becoming a burden. You may find it hard to admit as well. But by acknowledging the situation, you may be able to help them find support.

If you know someone who might be lonely, one of the best things you can do is to show them that you’re available. Call, visit or email them regularly to keep in touch. Loneliness can be tied up with other problems like depression or grief, which may cause people to withdraw and avoid company. They may not always be in the mood to talk to you, but don’t give up on them if they don’t visit you or call you in return. If they need time alone, try to respect that while letting them know that you’re there when they need you.

If the person you’re worried about lives in an isolated location or finds it hard to get out, you could volunteer to take them out. You may be able to help them find a local charity that could help. Our webpage Getting around more easily has more information.

Don’t push them into doing things. But if they seem interested in an activity, you could help them work out how to get there or offer to go with them to make it less daunting. Our Staying connected webpage has ideas for ways they could increase their social contact if they want to.

You could ask them if they’re getting any support they might need. If they need help at home, for example, you could help them arrange a care needs assessment. You could also help them to stay active and eat well, so that loneliness doesn’t have an impact on their health.

Try to talk to them about how they’re feeling, without making them talk about any particular issue. It could be that what you see as loneliness has its roots in something else that’s troubling them. Our sensitive conversations webpages have some suggestions if you’re unsure what to say.

People may feel more comfortable talking to a stranger or professional than to someone they’re close to. If it seems appropriate, you could suggest they talk to their GP or ring a helpline like The Silver Line (0800 4 70 80 90) or Samaritans (116 123).

If they have a low mood that doesn’t lift, our webpage If you're worried about someone's mental health has more advice.

Whatever you do, try to be reliable. Forgetting a promised phone call may not seem important to you, but for someone who has little contact with others, this can be very disappointing. If you’re extremely busy or live far away, see if anyone else can help you to make sure that the person sees or speaks to someone regularly. This could be a friend, relative, neighbour or charity volunteer.